环境政治中国际非政府组织的角色——基于批判地缘政治的视角

doi:10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2018.05.015

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摘要国际非政府组织（INGO）在国际环境政治中发挥着日益重要的角色，也是中国"一带一路"走出去的关键影响要素之一。批判地缘政治关注主权国家之外的非政府行为体，同时对权力概念提出了新的理解。借助其思想，本文指出国际环境政治中INGO的作用，并通过尺度-权力框架分析其行动和角色。发现：①INGO在环境等国际公共事务上作用不断凸显；②INGO在多个尺度上通过不同的权力影响环境政治；③INGO与政府存在依赖、合作和对抗等不同的互动关系。因此，应处理好与INGO的关系，借助其独特的权力助力"一带一路"建设。

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关键词 ：国际非政府组织, 批判地缘政治, 尺度, 权力

Abstract：International non-governmental organizations (INGOs), as a typical non-state actor, play an increasingly crucial role in global environmental political issues despite that sovereign state remains the most important force in contemporary international society. Against the backdrop of the "Belt and Road Initiative", moreover, the activities and advocacies of INGOs may substantially influence the outcomes and processes of Chinese enterprises' oversea infrastructure construction projects. This paper argues that the roles and strategies of INGOs should be included in the agenda of geopolitical studies. Following this line of inquiry, this paper integrates key geopolitical concepts of scale and power and provides a useful framework for analyzing INGOs. It first reviews the development and basic characteristics of critical geopolitical research and emphasizes that examining the role of INGOs could improve our understanding of the decision-making mechanism of international public affairs, which could also contribute to the literature on critical geopolitics. Then, this paper points out the limitation of state-centrism as well as the emerging influence of INGOs in addressing global environmental issues. Next, this paper illustrates the main strategies of INGOs by unpacking their roles in three spatial scales (i.e., global, national and local) and three power dimensions (i.e., decisional power, discursive power and regulatory power) in the field of global environment politics. Last but not least, the paper pictures INGOs' relationships with governmental and other non-governmental actors.

Key words： international non-governmental organization critical geopolitics scale power

收稿日期: 2017-12-22

基金资助:国家社科基金重大项目（16ZDA041）；教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金（17YJCZH183）

通讯作者: 王雨(1984-),男,河南洛阳人,副教授,博士,主要研究方向为水资源治理和环境政治。E-mail:wangyu86@mail.sysu.edu.cn。 E-mail: wangyu86@mail.sysu.edu.cn

作者简介: 刘晓凤(1994-),女,山东青岛人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为全球化与地缘环境。E-mail:liuxf@mail.bnu.edu.cn。

引用本文:

刘晓凤, 王雨, 葛岳静. 环境政治中国际非政府组织的角色——基于批判地缘政治的视角[J]. 人文地理, 2018, 33(5): 123-132. LIU Xiao-feng, Raymond Yu WANG, GE Yue-jing. ROLES OF INTERNATIONAL NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS IN GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL POLITICS: A CRITICAL GEOPOLITICAL PERSPECTIVE. HUMAN GEOGRAPHY, 2018, 33(5): 123-132.

链接本文:

http://rwdl.xisu.edu.cn/CN/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2018.05.015 或 http://rwdl.xisu.edu.cn/CN/Y2018/V33/I5/123

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